sunnah
Agriculture
--
Translation of Sahih Bukhari, Book 39:
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 513:
Narrated Anas bin Malik:
Allah's Apostle said, "There is none amongst the Muslims who
plants a tree or sows seeds, and then a bird, or a person or an animal
eats from it, but is regarded as a charitable gift for him."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 514:
Narrated Abu Umama al-Bahili:
I saw some agricultural equipments and said: "I heard the Prophet
saying: "There is no house in which these equipment enters except that
Allah will cause humiliation to enter it."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 515:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Apostle said, "Whoever keeps a dog, one Qirat of the
reward of his good deeds is deducted daily, unless the dog is used for
guarding a farm or cattle." Abu Huraira (in another narration) said from
the Prophet, "unless it is used for guarding sheep or farms, or for
hunting." Narrated Abu Hazim from Abu Huraira: The Prophet said, "A dog
for guarding cattle or for hunting."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 516:
Narrated As-Sa'ib bin Yazid:
Abu Sufyan bin Abu Zuhair, a man from Azd Shanu'a and one of the
companions of the Prophet said, "I heard Allah's Apostle saying, 'If one
keeps a dog which is meant for guarding neither a farm nor cattle, one
Qirat of the reward of his good deeds is deducted daily." I said, "Did
you hear this from Allah's Apostle?" He said, "Yes, by the Lord of this
Mosque."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 517:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Prophet said, "While a man was riding a cow, it turned
towards him and said, 'I have not been created for this purpose (i.e.
carrying), I have been created for sloughing." The Prophet added, "I,
Abu Bakr and 'Umar believe in the story." The Prophet went on, "A wolf
caught a sheep, and when the shepherd chased it, the wolf said, 'Who
will be its guard on the day of wild beasts, when there will be no
shepherd for it except me?' "After narrating it, the Prophet said, "I,
Abu Bakr and 'Umar too believe it." Abu Salama (a sub-narrator) said,
"Abu Bakr and 'Umar were not present then." (It has been written that a
wolf also spoke to one of the companions of the Prophet near Medina as
narrated in Fatah-al-Bari:
Narrated Unais bin 'Amr: Ahban bin Aus said, "I was amongst my
sheep. Suddenly a wolf caught a sheep and I shouted at it. The wolf sat
on its tail and addressed me, saying, 'Who will look after it (i.e. the
sheep) when you will be busy and not able to look after it? Do you
forbid me the provision which Allah has provided me?' " Ahban added, "I
clapped my hands and said, 'By Allah, I have never seen anything more
curious and wonderful than this!' On that the wolf said, 'There is
something (more curious) and wonderful than this; that is, Allah's
Apostle in those palm trees, inviting people to Allah (i.e. Islam).'
"Unais bin 'Amr further said, "Then Ahban went to Allah's Apostle and
informed him what happened and embraced Islam.)" palm trees or other
trees and share the fruits with me."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 518:
Narrated Abu Huraira:
The Ansar said to the Prophet "Distribute the date palm trees
between us and our emigrant brothers." He replied, "No." The Ansar said
(to the emigrants), "Look after the trees (water and watch them) and
share the fruits with us." The emigrants said, "We listen and obey."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 519:
Narrated 'Abdullah:
The Prophet got the date palm trees of the tribe of Bani-An-Nadir
burnt and the trees cut down at a place called Al-Buwaira . Hassan bin
Thabit said in a poetic verse: "The chiefs of Bani Lu'ai found it easy
to watch fire spreading at Al-Buwaira."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 520:
Narrated Rafi' bin Khadij:
We worked on farms more than anybody else in Medina. We used to
rent the land at the yield of specific delimited portion of it to be
given to the landlord. Sometimes the vegetation of that portion was
affected by blights etc., while the rest remained safe and vice versa,
so the Prophet forbade this practice. At that time gold or silver were
not used (for renting the land). If they provided the seeds, they would
get so-and-so much. Al-Hasan said, "There is no harm if the land belongs
to one but both spend on it and the yield is divided between them."
Az-Zuhri had the same opinion. Al-Hasan said, "There is no harm if
cotton is picked on the condition of having half the yield." Ibrahim,
Ibn Siain, 'Ata', Al-Hakam, Az-Zuhri and Qatada said, "There is no harm
in giving the yarn to the weaver to weave into cloth on the basis that
one-third or one-fourth (or any other portion) of the cloth is given to
the weaver for his labor." Ma'am said, "There is no harm in hiring
animals for a definite (fixed) period on the basis that one-third or
one-fourth of the products carried by the animals is given to the owner
of the animals."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 521:
Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar:
The Prophet concluded a contract with the people of Khaibar to
utilize the land on the condition that half the products of fruits or
vegetation would be their share. The Prophet used to give his wives one
hundred Wasqs each, eighty Wasqs of dates and twenty Wasqs of barley.
(When 'Umar became the Caliph) he gave the wives of the Prophet the
option of either having the land and water as their shares, or carrying
on the previous practice. Some of them chose the land and some chose the
Wasqs, and 'Aisha chose the land.
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 522:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
The Prophet made a deal with the people of Khaibar that they
would have half the fruits and vegetation of the land they cultivated.
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 523:
Narrated 'Amr:
I said to Tawus, "I wish you would give up Mukhabara
(Share-cropping), for the people say that the Prophet forbade it." On
that Tawus replied, "O 'Amr! I give the land to share-croppers and help
them. No doubt; the most learned man, namely Ibn 'Abbas told me that the
Prophet had not forbidden it but said, 'It is more beneficial for one
to give his land free to one's brother than to charge him a fixed
rental."
Volume 3, Book 39, Number 524:
Narrated Ibn 'Umar:
Allah's Apostle gave the land of Khaibar to the Jew's on the
condition that they work on it and cultivate it, and be given half of
its yield.
Sales in which a Price is paid for Goods to be Delivered Later (As-Salam)
--
Translation of Sahih Bukhari, Book 35:
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 441:
Narrated Ibn Abbas:
Allah's Apostle came to Medina and the people used to pay in
advance the price of fruits to be delivered within one or two years.
(The sub-narrator is in doubt whether it was one to two years or two to
three years.) The Prophet said, "Whoever pays money in advance for dates
(to be delivered later) should pay it for known specified weight and
measure (of the dates)."
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 442:
Narrated Ibn Abi Najih:
as above, mentioning only specific measure.
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 443:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
The Prophet came to Medina and the people used to pay in advance
the price of dates to be delivered within two or three years. He said
(to them), "Whoever pays in advance the price of a thing to be delivered
later should pay it for a specified measure at specified weight for a
specified period."
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 444:
Narrated Ibn Abi Najih:
as above, saying, "He should pay the price in advance for a specified measure and for a specified period."
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 445:
Narrated Ibn 'Abbas:
The Prophet came (to Medina) and he told the people (regarding
the payment of money in advance that they should pay it) for a known
specified measure and a known specified weight and a known specified
period.
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 446:
Narrated Shu'ba:
Muhammad or 'Abdullah bin Abu Al-Mujalid said, "Abdullah bin
Shaddad and Abu Burda differed regarding As-Salam, so they sent me to
Ibn Abi Aufa and I asked him about it. He replied, 'In the life-time of
Allah's Apostle, Abu Bakr and 'Umar, we used to pay in advance the
prices of wheat, barley, dried grapes and dates to be delivered later. I
also asked Ibn Abza and he, too, replied as above.' "
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 447:
Narrated Muhammad bin Al-Majalid:
Abdullah bin Shaddad and Abu Burda sent me to 'Abdullah bin Abi
Aufa and told me to ask 'Abdullah whether the people in the life-time of
the Prophet used to pay in advance for wheat (to be delivered later).
Abdullah replied, "We used to pay in advance to the peasants of Sham for
wheat, barley and olive oil of a known specified measure to be
delivered in a specified period." I asked (him), "Was the price paid (in
advance) to those who had the things to be delivered later?" Abdullah
bin Aufa replied, "We did not use to ask them about that." Then they
sent me to 'Abdur Rahman bin Abza and I asked him. He replied, "The
companions of the Prophet used to practice Salam in the life-time of the
Prophet; and we did not use to ask them whether they had standing crops
or not."
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 448:
Narrated Muhammad bin Abi Al-Mujalid:
as above (446) and said, "We used to pay them in advance for
wheat and barley (to be delivered later). Narrated Ash-Shaibani--"And
also for oil."
Volume 3, Book 35, Number 449:
Narrated Ash-Shaibani:
who said "We used to pay in advance for wheat barley and dried grapes."
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